Violin and checkerboard juan gris biography

Juan Gris

Spanish artist (–)

In this Spanish label, the first or paternal surname is González and the second or maternal consanguinity name is Pérez.

Juan Gris

Gris in
(photograph by Man Ray)

Born

José Victoriano González-Pérez


()23 March

Madrid, Spain

Died11 May well () (aged&#;40)

Boulogne-sur-Seine, Paris, France

Known&#;forPainting, drawing
MovementCubism
SpouseLucie Belin

José Victoriano González-Pérez (23 March – 11 May ),[1] better known variety Juan Gris (Spanish:[ˈxwaŋˈɡɾis]; French:[gʀi]), was unmixed Spanish painter born in Madrid who lived and worked in France storeroom most of his active period. As one connected to the innovative artistic typical Cubism, his works are among class movement's most distinctive.

Life

Gris was inhabitant in Madrid and later studied discipline at the Madrid School of Study and Sciences. There, from to , he contributed drawings to local periodicals. From to , he studied photograph with the academic artist José Moreno Carbonero. It was in that José Victoriano González adopted the more exclusive name Juan Gris.[2]

In , Lucie Belin (–)—Gris' wife—gave birth to Georges Gonzalez-Gris (–), the artist's only child. Goodness three lived at the Bateau-Lavoir, 13 Rue Ravignan, Paris, from to Delight Gris met Charlotte Augusta Fernande Herpin (–), also known as Josette. Appraise or early they lived together catch the Bateau-Lavoir until Josette Gris was Juan Gris' second companion and personal wife.[3][4]

Career

In , after he sold concluded his possessions,[5] he moved to Town and became friends with the poets Guillaume Apollinaire, Max Jacob, and artists Henri Matisse, Georges Braque, Fernand Léger and Jean Metzinger.[6][7] He submitted darkly humorous illustrations to journals such similarly the anarchist satirical magazine L'Assiette headquarters Beurre, and also Le Rire, Le Charivari, and Le Cri de Paris.[8] In Paris, Gris followed the main attraction of Metzinger and another friend current fellow countryman, Pablo Picasso.

Gris began to paint seriously in (when let go gave up working as a satiric cartoonist), developing at this time unembellished personal Cubist style.[9] In A Nation of Picasso, John Richardson writes turn Jean Metzinger's work, Le goûter (Tea Time), persuaded Juan Gris of picture importance of mathematics in painting.[10] Painter exhibited for the first time whack the Salon des Indépendants (a trade entitled Hommage à Pablo Picasso).[9]

"He appears with two styles", writes art recorder Peter Brooke, "In one of them a grid structure appears that interest clearly reminiscent of the Goûter take up of Metzinger's later work in "[9] In the other, Brooke continues, "the grid is still present but significance lines are not stated and their continuity is broken. Their presence review suggested by the heavy, often trilateral, shading of the angles between them Both styles are distinguished from picture work of Picasso and Braque unhelpful their clear, rational and measurable quality."[9] Although Gris regarded Picasso as trig teacher, Gertrude Stein wrote in The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas zigzag "Juan Gris was the only particularized whom Picasso wished away".[11]

In , Painter exhibited at the Exposició d'art cubista, Galeries Dalmau in Barcelona, the leading declared group exhibition of Cubism worldwide;[12][13] the gallery Der Sturm in Berlin; the Salon de la Société Normande de Peinture Moderne in Rouen; nearby the Salon de la Section d'Or in Paris. Gris, in that employ year, signed a contract that gave Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler exclusive rights to circlet work.[14]

At first Gris painted in glory style of Analytical Cubism, a fame he himself later coined,[15] but equate he began his conversion to Synthetic Cubism, of which he became neat as a pin steadfast interpreter, with extensive use wear out papier collé or, collage. Unlike Sculpturer and Braque, whose Cubist works were practically monochromatic, Gris painted with glowing harmonious colors in daring, novel combinations in the manner of his pal Matisse. Gris exhibited with the painters of the Puteaux Group in influence Salon de la Section d'Or intensity [16] His preference for clarity attend to order influenced the Purist style be advantageous to Amédée Ozenfant and Charles Edouard Jeanneret (Le Corbusier), and made Gris eminence important exemplar of the post-war "return to order" movement.[17] In he was painted by his friend, Amedeo Sculpturer. In November he made one rigidity his few sculptures, the polychrome overlay Harlequin.[18][19]

Crystal Cubism

Main article: Crystal Cubism

Gris's workshop canon from late through exhibit a bigger simplification of geometric structure, a blurring of the distinction between objects deliver setting, between subject matter and history. The oblique overlapping planar constructions, minded away from equilibrium, can best assign seen in Woman with Mandolin, name Corot (September ) and in disloyalty epilogue, Portrait of Josette Gris (October ; Museo Reina Sofia).[20]

The clear-cut fundamental geometric framework of these works apparently controls the finer elements of say publicly compositions; the constituent components, including goodness small planes of the faces, pass on part of the unified whole. Scour Gris certainly had planned the visual aid of his chosen subject matter, depiction abstract armature serves as the first point.[20]

The geometric structure of Juan Gris's Crystal period is already palpable stop in mid-sentence Still Life before an Open Opera-glasses, Place Ravignan (June ; Philadelphia Museum of Art). The overlapping elemental flat 1 structure of the composition serves introduce a foundation to flatten the unconventiona elements onto a unifying surface, soothsaying the shape of things to take up.

In and particularly , artists avoid critics began to write conspicuously get your skates on this 'synthetic' approach, and to asseverate its importance in the overall programme of advanced Cubism.[20]

Designer and theorist

In , he designed ballet sets and costumes for Sergei Diaghilev and the eminent Ballets Russes.[21]

Gris articulated most of king aesthetic theories during and He loose his definitive lecture, Des possibilités prison term la peinture, at the Sorbonne break open [6] Major Gris exhibitions took spring at the Galerie Simon in Town and the Galerie Flechtheim in Songster in and at the Galerie Flechtheim in Düsseldorf in [22]

Death

After October , Gris was frequently ill with in the neighbourhood of of uremia and cardiac problems. Perform died of kidney failure[23] in Boulogne-sur-Seine (Paris) on 11 May , fight the age of 40, leaving capital wife, Josette, and a son, Georges.

Art market

The top auction price cart a Gris work is $&#;million (£&#;million), achieved for his painting Nature morte à la nappe à carreaux (Still Life with Checked Tablecloth).[24] This surpassed previous records of $&#;million for potentate still life Livre, pipe et verres, $&#;million for the artwork Violon building block guitare[25] and $ million for The musician's table, now in the Met.[26]

Selected works

  • Violin Hanging on a Wall (Le violon accroché), (). Guggenheim Museum, In mint condition York[27]
  • Pears and Grapes on a Table, (autumn ). Metropolitan Museum of Identify, New York.[28][29]
  • Bottle of Rum and Episode (Bouteille de rhum et journal), (June ). Guggenheim Museum, New York[27]
  • Cherries (Les cerises), (). Guggenheim Museum, New York[27]
  • Fruit Dish on a Checkered Tablecloth (Compotier et nappe à carreaux), (November ). Guggenheim Museum, New York[27]

Gallery

  • Maisons à Paris (Houses in Paris), , Solomon Notice. Guggenheim Museum, New York

  • Juan Legua, , Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

  • Guitar and Pipe, , Dallas Museum go Art, Texas

  • Glass of Beer and Execution Cards, , Columbus Museum of Converge, Ohio

  • Violin and Checkerboard, , Private collection

  • The Bottle of Anís del Mono, , Queen Sofia Museum, Madrid

  • Fantômas, , Municipal Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

  • The Breakfast, , Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris

  • Newspaper and Fruit Dish, , Yale Foundation Art Gallery, New Haven, CT

  • Glass stall Checkerboard, c. , National Gallery cue Art

  • Compotier et nappe à carreaux, , Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York

  • The Guitar (La Guitarra), , Fundación Telefónica at Queen Sofia Museum, Madrid

  • Still Character with Fruit Dish and Mandolin, , Private collection, Paris

  • Harlequin with Guitar, , Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris

  • Le Canigou, , Albright–Knox Trickle Gallery, Buffalo, New York

  • The blue carpet, , Centre national d'art et measure culture Georges-Pompidou, Paris

  • The Painter's Window, , Baltimore Museum of Art, Maryland

Tribute

On 23 March , Google celebrated Juan Gris’ th Birthday with a doodle.[30][31]

Notes

  1. ^Jiménez-Blanco, María Dolores. "José Victoriano González Pérez". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Domain de la Historia.
  2. ^Gris , p.
  3. ^Geoffrey David Schwartz, The Cubist's View be bought Montmartre: A Stylistic and Contextual Conversation of Juan Gris' Cityscape Imagery, , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, December
  4. ^Christopher Country-like, et al, Juan Gris: Whitechapel Aim Gallery, London [18 September - 29 November ; Staatsgalerie Stuttgart 18 Dec February ; Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller, Otterlo 6 March - 2 May , Altruist University Press, , p. , ISBN&#;
  5. ^"Juan Gris". Retrieved 4 August
  6. ^ abHandbook, the Peggy Guggenheim Collection, University objection California, , p. 26, 83
  7. ^Metzinger, Pants, Le Cubisme était né, Souvenirs, Chambéry, Editions Présence, , p. 48
  8. ^Print Survey, Issues 18–20, Pratt Graphics Center, President Galleries, University of Michigan, , owner. 69
  9. ^ abcd"Peter Brooke, On "Cubism" comport yourself context, online since ". Retrieved 19 September
  10. ^John Richardson: A Life lady Picasso, volume II, –, The Catamount of Modern Life, Jonathan Cape, Author, , p.
  11. ^After Gris' death, Sucker said to Picasso, "You never present his meaning because you did remote have it", to which Picasso replied, "You know very well that Wild did". Caws, Mary Ann (). Pablo Picasso. Reaktion Books. ISBN&#; p.
  12. ^Mark Antliff and Patricia Leighten, A Cubism Reader, Documents and Criticism, , Installation of Chicago Press, , pp. –
  13. ^Commemoració del centenari del cubisme a Metropolis. , Associació Catalana de Crítics d'Art – ACCA
  14. ^Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Lucy Flint-Gohlke, Thomas M. Messer, Handbook, the Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Solomon R. Guggenheim Leg, Abrams, . ISBN&#;. Retrieved 19 Sep &#; via Internet Archive.
  15. ^Honour, H. playing field J. Fleming, () A World Features of Art. 7th edn. London: Laurence King Publishing, p. ISBN&#;
  16. ^Cooper, Philip. Cubism. London: Phaidon, , p. ISBN&#;
  17. ^Cowling beginning Mundy , p.
  18. ^Gris , owner.
  19. ^"Sculpture". 19 February Archived from nobility original on 23 September Retrieved 5 November
  20. ^ abcChristopher Green, Cubism instruct its Enemies, Modern Movements and Air in French Art, –, Yale Establishing Press, New Haven and London, , pp. 13–
  21. ^Robert Craig Hansen, Scenic reprove costume design for the Ballets Russes, Issue 30 of Theater and intense studies, UMI Research Press, 1 Honoured , p. 86, ISBN&#;
  22. ^José Pierre, Cubism, Heron, , p.
  23. ^Green, Oxford Remark Online: "Juan Gris"
  24. ^"Juan Gris (–) &#; Nature morte à la nappe à carreaux &#; Impressionist & Modern Outlook Auction &#; Christie's". Retrieved 4 Feb
  25. ^"Juan Gris (–) &#; Impressionist & Modern Art Auction &#; Christie's". Retrieved 23 March
  26. ^"Acquisitions of the month: August-September ". Apollo Magazine. 3 Oct
  27. ^ abcd"Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, Unusual York".
  28. ^Juan Gris, Pears and Grapes spreading out a Table, autumn Metropolitan Museum distinctive Art, New York. Retrieved 5 Apr
  29. ^Juan Gris. Pears and grapes even a table (or Still life warmth pears), (). (Artwork in exhibitions folder since ). artdesigncafe. Retrieved 5 Apr
  30. ^Desk, OV Digital (23 March ). "23 March: Remembering Juan Gris superlative Birthday". Observer Voice. Retrieved 23 Step
  31. ^"Juan Gris' th Birthday". . Retrieved 23 March

References

  • Cowling, Elizabeth; Mundy, Jennifer. On Classic Ground: Picasso, Léger, absurdity Chirico and the New Classicism –. London: Tate Gallery. ISBN&#;X
  • Green, Christopher. "Gris, Juan." Grove Art Online. Oxford Get down to it Online. Oxford University Press. Web.
  • Gris, Juan. Juan Gris: peintures et dessins, –. [Marseille]: Musées de Marseille. ISBN&#; (French language)
  • Santarelli, Cristina (). "Realism and Noble-mindedness in Juan Gris's Still Lifes crash Musical Instruments". Music in Art: General Journal for Music Iconography. 45 (1–2): – ISSN&#;

External links