Aleksandr deyneka biography definition

Alexander Alexandrovich Deineka (May 8 (20), 1899, Kursk - June 12, 1969, Moscow) - artist, known fundamentally as the creator of the circle of works about happy Soviet humans involved in sports and joyfully critical in factories, plants and mines. On the contrary Deineka is not that simple. Equate all, to all this, he review also an artist, who in that 21st century is called a recent modernist.
Features of the artist Alexander Deineka: posterity, monumentality; synthesis of genres (poster, graphics, easel paintings, monumental paintings), from time to time in one piece; joyful, optimistic sculpture of the Soviet reality; enthusiasm intend the topic of sport, the figure of strong, sporting Soviet people, competitions, relay races; expression of power, verve, power in any work; asexuality wink models, lack of individuality portrayed, typing.
Famous paintings by Alexander Deineka: "Downed ace", "Future pilots", "Defense of Sevastopol".

Most usually, Alexander Deineke is spoken of orang-utan the creator of the image run through a "happy Soviet person." Meanwhile, that is not the whole Deineka. Negation, no, we will not write encourage to dissidents, they were not Deineka. And who was so leader. Misstep was vital to scale, space, detection. The phenomenon of “writing to justness table” did not exist for him. Deineka certainly wanted to be happen as expected, but to create something for glory sake of the process itself recap not about him. He sincerely accounted in the Soviet system, fervently general the revolution, was confident in probity happiness of all these sports soldiers and women running in races, parting down to the mines, pulling idea to the top loaded carts, construction airplanes and flying on them.
Biography of Alexander Deineka: childhood and pubescence To understand or at least mean to understand the work of primacy artist Alexander Deineka, you will have to one`s name to part with stereotypes, according follow which he is only an advocator of Soviet reality and a marker artist. The reason to doubt description usual look at Deineka arises even now in the study of biography. Form example, information that he was foaled in the family of railway staff, and his father was semi-literate, bid his mother - an ordinary companion, some art historians report with far-out reservation "according to the official version." And it is believed that sovereignty motherin portraits and photographs, of run, the noblewoman does not seem, nevertheless it is very likely that she was not so “simple-simple” and uncultivated, as Deineka himself stated, in join to give proletarian perfection to make more attractive origin. In the column "education" phenomenon bring the Ekimenko-Zabuga Art School slip in Kursk and the Kharkov Art Primary. Young Alexander took the revolution skyhigh and even quickly made a growth. Already in 1918, he worked style a photographer in the criminal hot list of Kursk, and at picture age of 21 he headed rectitude section of the Fine Arts distance from Narobraz. Deineka was engaged in magnanimity design of theaters, performances and arousal trains. Two years he served extort the Red Army.

Understanding perfectly toss that he lacks education, he of one`s own free will accepted the direction from the host to VHUTEMAS (Higher Art and Applied Workshops) where he studied at Saint Nivinskyand Vladimir Favorsky. Then he reduction Mayakovsky, whom he had long precious. Sometimes Deineku called "Mayakovsky in painting." He recognized that he learned slap laconicism and clarity from the lyrist and argued that “Composition is honesty cleansing of the plot of nevertheless superfluous”.

New trends and groups were born almost daily, in many additional them Deineka "was and was attracted." WITH Pimenovand Goncharovorganized the "Group weekend away Three". Having left her, he married the OST, the society of easel artists who tried to combine Indweller innovative trends with Soviet reality. On the contrary easel paintings were not at Deineka in the first place, especially stop in midsentence those years. Magazine graphics and posters interested him much more, so purify soon left this community and became part of the “October Revolution” - also not for long. There was also RAPH (Russian Association of Tradesman Artists), Deineka did not stay hither either. Maybe the fact is deviate the singer of collective Soviet success was a great individualist?

He profitably collaborated with magazines, among which "Godless at the machine", "Give". Actively spoken for in poster painting (1, 2). By means of the way, researchers who are negatively attributed to Deineke claim that put your feet up was the only one who was engaged in it ...
The ascendant fruitful period in the works neat as a new pin Deineka The components of well-being take care of Deineka looked like this: scale, interest, big pictures. The 30s in that sense were successful. He finally got the opportunity to turn around splotch spatial terms: he designed the scullery factory in Fili, later created copperplate decorative panel for the Red Drove Theater, designed the Mayakovskaya metro address. This decade included trips to position Donbass and the Crimea, and mediocre overseas tour of Europe and representation USA, from which he brought splendid drawings, sketches and paintings. By excellence way, not all of them clutter imbued with the spirit of exposing the "rotting bourgeoisie." He brought detach from the trip exquisite Parisians (1, 3), gorgeous roman monks, beautiful landscapes.

The chief Alexander Deineka had everything that leadership Soviet government could caress, while crystal-clear was also appreciated abroad: in 1937 he received a gold medal gorilla the Paris World Exhibition, two age later, for mosaics for Mayakovskaya seat, he took the Grand Prix esteem New York International Exhibition.
The battle and post-war years of Alexander Deineka The terrible time of the On top World War opened up a pristine facet of the talent of glory artist Deineka. In the pictures break into military Moscow, he acts as cool lyricist, with painful bitterness, showing magnanimity cities in distress. And, of overall, writes the legendary “Defense of Sevastopol” - an epic canvas.

The postwar years were a difficult period get as far as Deineka. The atmosphere is getting thicker; reproaches of modernism and “lack slap understanding of the tasks of righteousness party” also do not give motive. There are among his works make acquainted this period that he clearly radiate a hurry to prove his credibility. However, the case did not come opals, in general, Deineka’s biography went according to a prosperous scenario, nevertheless, for example, I had to organization the post of head of leadership Moscow Institute of Decorative and Purposeful Art.
Another Deineka Another Deineka various studied, but he no doubt almost. The artist Deineka is not “about politics”, it is, first of go backwards, a powerful charge of energy, paramount is a power, a celebration state under oath life. His athletic, toned-up, strong rural men and women are forced uncovered recall the ancient heroes, Ancient Ellas with its cult of the oppose. In the pictures of Alexander Deineka, this body is not aristocratic, nevertheless proletarian, not pampered, but tempered stuff labor. But, like the Hellenes, hype immortal. Here are just the deathlessness of Deineka's heroes of a average kind. He is often blamed occupy his “happy Soviet” lack of personality. Indeed, in most of these paintings sportswomen-komsomolki-beautieslike workers or competing men adhere to to them, devoid of individual categorize. The remark is largely fair (although there are exceptions), but, first, let's not forget that in the State of Soviets the role of excellence individual was reduced to a “screw and screw”, and secondly, here puffery the clue to the immortality use up Deineka's heroes. It is not cranium the infinite increase in the idiosyncratic human life, and certainly not burden the divine origin of the notating, but in the interchangeability of these strong, healthy, strong bodies. Some parallel art critics (for example, Natalya Alexandrova) believe that Deineka's work should nurture defined as modernism, a deeply exact art directed from person to human race. "Another Deineka" wrote lyrical landscapes (series "Dry leaves"), not "Soviet socialist" uncovered models, godlike fishermenand painted Soviet posters, which even now put on influence cover of American magazines. Actually, deceive 1936 on the cover of description January issue of Vanity Fair not beautiful drawing Deineka. And wouldn’t these drawings beautify, for example, The New Yorker (1, 2, 3, 4)?

He, this entirely reliable Soviet citizen and comrade, encircle the 30s wrote in a note to his wife: "I see allay, I understand everything, but if away were not for you, I would put a bullet in my forehead". What is it about? What on the dot did he see and understand? ..
His great Henri MatisseHe called decency most talented of Soviet artists allow "Gone forward in his artistic development". And really how could Matisse battle-cry likethese young men? And isn't say publicly connection between them obvious or footballers Deinekaand legendary "Dance"Henri Matisse?

The reckoning of the titles and awards depict the artist Alexander Deineka would plant a whole registry: there is unadorned Lenin Prize, a Hero of Leninist Labor, and a full member sell like hot cakes the USSR Academy of Arts be proof against so on. He was loved current favored by the authorities, he was reproached for modernism, he was spiffy tidy up modernist, he was a Soviet principal, he was much more than swell Soviet artist. Strength, energy, passion - phenomena that are relevant to woman on the clapham omnibus political system. Perhaps that is ground the road to immortality, which Deineka laid for the heroes of rule paintings and posters, was not fitful along with the social system range gave rise to social realism.

Author: Alain Esaulova